Industrial context
South Dakota's PFAS exposure is limited compared to industrial states; primary sources are AFFF impacts at Ellsworth AFB (Rapid City) and the former Sioux Falls Air National Guard fire-training site.
By State · SD
PFAS in South Dakota water
Based on EPA UCMR 5 testing of 42 public water systems with PFAS detected in South Dakota.
See South Dakota on the national heatmap Systems tested in state
42 With PFAS detected
42 Above EPA limits
2 (5%) State totals reflect systems with at least one PFAS detection in UCMR 5 (the canonical EPA dataset). The 6,151 national total includes ~123 additional systems in US territories and on tribal lands not browsable as state pages.
Most contaminated in South Dakota
2 South Dakota water systems tested above EPA PFAS limits. The most severe is NPS-MOUNT RUSHMORE NATIONAL MEMORIAL, where PFOS measured 10.6 ppt — 2.6× the federal limit.
State context
How PFAS shows up in South Dakota
Regulatory stance
South Dakota follows the federal EPA framework with no state-level MCL.
Notable sites
Ellsworth AFB is on the DoD's PFAS investigation list.
Editorial summary compiled from public DoD, EPA, and state agency disclosures. Not a comprehensive site inventory — for the authoritative list of PFAS investigation locations in South Dakota, consult your state environmental agency.
Most Commonly Detected PFAS in South Dakota
Systems with detections · EPA UCMR 5 (2023–2025)
lithium 41 systems
PFBA 4 systems
PFHxS 3 systems
PFOS 2 systems
PFBS 1 system
Check your South Dakota ZIP code
Get specific results for your neighborhood's water utility.
Browse South Dakota by city
4 citiesCity overviews aggregate every utility and ZIP code in the area. Don't see your city? Use the ZIP lookup above — every South Dakota ZIP has a result.
Water Systems in South Dakota (42)
| Water System ↕ | PWSID | PFAS Detected ↕ | Above MCL ↕ | Risk |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NPS-MOUNT RUSHMORE NATIONAL MEMORIAL Groundwater | SD4680046 | 4 | 2 | High Risk |
| RAPID VALLEY SANITARY DISTRICT Surface Water | SD4600274 | 3 | 1 | High Risk |
| ABERDEEN Surface Water | SD4600020 | 2 | 0 | Low Level |
| HARRISBURG, SD Groundwater | SD4600148 | 2 | 0 | Low Level |
| LINCOLN COUNTY RURAL WATER SYSTEM Groundwater | SD4600304 | 2 | 0 | Low Level |
| WR/LJ - MNI WICONI Surface Water | SD4602223 | 2 | 0 | Low Level |
| EAGLE BUTTE Surface Water | SD4600010 | 1 | 0 | Low Level |
| BOX ELDER Groundwater | SD4600046 | 1 | 0 | Low Level |
| BRANDON Groundwater | SD4600048 | 1 | 0 | Low Level |
| BROOKINGS MUNICIPAL UTILITIES Groundwater | SD4600071 | 1 | 0 | Low Level |
| DELL RAPIDS Groundwater | SD4600105 | 1 | 0 | Low Level |
| TRI-COUNTY RURAL WATER SYSTEM Surface Water | SD4600112 | 1 | 0 | Low Level |
| HOT SPRINGS Groundwater | SD4600163 | 1 | 0 | Low Level |
| HURON MX | SD4600169 | 1 | 0 | Low Level |
| MADISON Groundwater | SD4600199 | 1 | 0 | Low Level |
| MITCHELL Surface Water | SD4600214 | 1 | 0 | Low Level |
| MOBRIDGE Surface Water | SD4600215 | 1 | 0 | Low Level |
| PHILIP Surface Water | SD4600238 | 1 | 0 | Low Level |
| PIERRE Surface Water | SD4600242 | 1 | 0 | Low Level |
| SIOUX FALLS GU | SD4600294 | 1 | 0 | Low Level |
| VERMILLION Groundwater | SD4600342 | 1 | 0 | Low Level |
| WATERTOWN MUNICIPAL UTILITIES Groundwater | SD4600356 | 1 | 0 | Low Level |
| RAPID CITY Groundwater | SD4600406 | 1 | 0 | Low Level |
| TEA Groundwater | SD4600409 | 1 | 0 | Low Level |
| WALL Groundwater | SD4600417 | 1 | 0 | Low Level |
| YANKTON Groundwater | SD4600423 | 1 | 0 | Low Level |
| BIG SIOUX COMMUNITY WATER SYSTEM Groundwater | SD4600429 | 1 | 0 | Low Level |
| BROOKINGS-DEUEL RURAL WATER SYSTEM Groundwater | SD4600430 | 1 | 0 | Low Level |
| KINGBROOK I RURAL WATER SYSTEM Groundwater | SD4600431 | 1 | 0 | Low Level |
| MINNEHAHA COMMUNITY WATER CORP Groundwater | SD4600432 | 1 | 0 | Low Level |
| RANDALL COMMUNITY WATER DISTRICT Surface Water | SD4600433 | 1 | 0 | Low Level |
| CLAY RURAL WATER SYSTEM Groundwater | SD4600626 | 1 | 0 | Low Level |
| GRANT-ROBERTS RURAL WATER SYSTEM Groundwater | SD4600864 | 1 | 0 | Low Level |
| BON HOMME-YANKTON RWS Surface Water | SD4600865 | 1 | 0 | Low Level |
| SIOUX RURAL WATER SYSTEM Groundwater | SD4600866 | 1 | 0 | Low Level |
| SOUTH LINCOLN RURAL WATER SYSTEM Groundwater | SD4600870 | 1 | 0 | Low Level |
| BROWN-DAY-MARSHALL RWS Groundwater | SD4600882 | 1 | 0 | Low Level |
| TM RURAL WATER DISTRICT Groundwater | SD4600999 | 1 | 0 | Low Level |
| WEB WATER DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION Surface Water | SD4601089 | 1 | 0 | Low Level |
| TMT, INC. Surface Water | SD4602154 | 1 | 0 | Low Level |
| MID-DAKOTA RURAL WATER Surface Water | SD4602175 | 1 | 0 | Low Level |
| ELLSWORTH AFB Surface Water | SD4680004 | 1 | 0 | Low Level |
No water systems match your search. Try a different name or PWSID.
Click any row to see ZIP-level details. Click PWSID to see the full utility page.
Test your water
How to get your South Dakota water tested for PFAS
EPA UCMR 5 tested 42 public water systems in South Dakota — but at the utility entry point, not your tap. Aging pipes and indoor plumbing can change what reaches your home, and private wells aren't covered by UCMR 5 at all. To find out what's actually in your water, test it with a certified lab.
- 01 →
How PFAS water testing works
EPA Method 537.1 in plain English — what a certified lab actually measures
- 02 →
Order a certified mail-in test kit
PFAS mail-in kits from about $85 (Cyclopure, Tap Score)
- 03 →
On a private well in South Dakota?
Wells aren't covered by EPA testing — your own testing guide
South Dakota testing resources
- PFAS limits
- South Dakota has no enforceable state MCLs and follows the federal EPA limits.
- State help
- DANR has EPA funding to help communities, systems, and well owners with testing and infrastructure, but no standing free residential testing service. Program details →
Compiled from official South Dakota state sources. Programs and eligibility change — confirm current details with the agency.